As children receiving new toys, we are approaching a great new world of fantasy. Three-dimensional image devices arrived at the port of Orthodontics with increasingly strong anchors firmly holding to the ground. In this case, immobility is symbolical and inversely proportional to the ongoing possibilities we are not even capable to imagine. Perhaps, the French novelist Julio Verner could.

High-dimensional data hinder sample visualization and limit exploration of data1. In these cases, we can make use of multivariate analysis techniques, such as Factor Analysis (FA) and/or Principal Component Analysis (PCA), to reduce a complex data set to one of lower dimensions so as to reveal any hidden features and simplify understanding. In order to render interpretation of FA and PCA easier, an example of the practical applications of these techniques is described herein.

for the orthodontist. Which orthodontist has never had the displeasure of assessing a case over the retention phase and finding out that formerly well-positioned teeth are now rotated or have diastema? In the attempt to prevent relapse, the orthodontic literature recommends that retention, whether removable or fixed, be used for a certain period of time. Fixed retainers installed in all teeth are advantageous because they do not rely on patient’s compliance. On the other hand, they favor...

External Cervical Resorption in maxillary canines with pulp vitality is frequently associated with dental trauma resulting from surgical procedures carried out to prepare the teeth for further orthodontic traction. Preparation procedures might surgically manipulate the cementoenamel junction or cause luxation of teeth due to applying excessive force or movement tests beyond the tolerance limits of periodontal ligament and cervical tissue structures. Dentin exposure at the cementoenamel...

Dr. Peter Buschang is regent professor and director of orthodontic research. He has been at Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry since 1988. Dr. Buschang received his PhD in 1980 from the University of Texas at Austin; he spent 3 years as a NIDR postdoctoral fellow at the University of Connecticut, and five years as a FRSQ scholar at the University of Montreal. Every year, Dr. Buschang teaches in 16 different courses, 7 of which he directs. In addition to more than 100 lecture...

Introduction: Becker muscular dystrophy is an X-chromosomal linked anomaly characterized by progressive muscle wear and weakness. This case report shows the orthodontic treatment of a Becker muscular dystrophy patient with unilateral open bite. Methods: To correct patient’s malocclusion, general anesthesia and orthognathic surgery were not considered as an option. Conventional orthodontic treatment with intermaxillary elastics and muscular functional therapy were employed instead. Results:...

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the Björk and Jabarak cephalometric analysis generated from conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) synthesized lateral cephalograms in adults with different sagittal skeletal patterns. Methods: The sample consisted of 46 CBCT synthesized cephalograms obtained from patients between 16 and 40 years old. A Björk and Jarabak cephalometric analysis among different sagittal skeletal classes was performed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), multiple...

Introduction: Prevalence of sleep bruxism (SB) in children is subject to discussions in the literature. Objective: This study is a systematic literature review aiming to critically assess the prevalence of SB in children. Methods: Survey using the following research databases: MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, PubMed, Lilacs and BBO, from January 2000 to February 2013, focusing on studies specifically assessing the prevalence of SB in children. Results: After applying the inclusion criteria, four...

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine a protocol of gingival crevicular fluid protein extraction used for the first dimension of 2-DE gels. It also aims at conducting a review on the current candidates for protein markers of this pathology, all of which may be used to prevent the disease. Methods: Gingival crevicular fluid was collected from two groups of 60 patients each, with and without external root resorption. Samples were extracted by means of various methods of protein...

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the longitudinal stability of two types of posterior crossbite correction: rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and slow maxillary expansion (SME). Methods: Study casts of 90 adolescent patients were assessed for interdental width changes at three different periods: pretreatment (T1), post-treatment (T2) and at least, five years post-retention (T3). Three groups of 30 patients were established according to the treatment received to...

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess dentoskeletal symmetry in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of Brazilian individuals with Angle Class I malocclusion. Material: A total of 47 patients (22 females and 25 males) aged between 11 and 16 years old (14 years) seen in a private radiology service (CIRO, Goiânia, GO, Brazil) were assessed. All CBCT scans were obtained from January, 2009 to December, 2010. Cephalometric measurements were taken by multiplanar reconstruction...

Objective: Investigate the quality of data available on the internet with respect to pain after orthognathic surgery. Methods: A careful search was conducted on the Internet in December, 2012. The most accessed websites browsers were employed for research using the terms: “pain” and “orthognathic surgery” together. The first 30 results of each portal were examined, and after applying the exclusion criteria, 29 sites remained. All remaining websites went through an evaluation process...

Objective: This study aimed to assess tissue changes during orthodontic movement after binge-pattern ethanol 20% exposure. Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 54) were divided into two groups. The control group (CG) received 0.9% saline solution, while the experimental group (EG) received 20% ethanol in 0.9% saline solution (3 g/kg/day). On the 30th day, a force of 25 cN was applied with a nickel-titanium closed coil spring to move the maxillary right first molar mesially. The groups were further...

Introduction: Although lip bumpers (LBs) provide significant clinical gain of mandibular arch perimeter in mixeddentition patients, orthodontists are reluctant to use them due to the possibility of permanent second molar eruptive disturbances. Objective: The present study was conducted to assess second molar impaction associated with the use of LBs, and to investigate how they can be solved. Material and methods: Lateral and panoramic radiographs of 67 patients (34 females and 33 males) were...

Introduction: At orthodontic treatment completion, knowledge about the effects of adhesive remnant removal on enamel is paramount. Objective: This study aimed at assessing the effect of different adhesive remnant removal methods on enamel topography (ESI) and surface roughness (Ra) after bracket debonding and polishing. Methods: A total of 50 human premolars were selected and divided into five groups according to the method used for adhesive remnant removal: high speed tungsten carbide bur...

The present study reports a case of Angle Class II malocclusion treatment of a male growing patient with 10-mm overjet, excessive overbite and transverse maxillary deficiency. The case was presented to the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (BBO), with DI equal to or greater than 10, as a requirement for the title of certified by the BBO.

Modulation of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is desirable not only to patients because it shortens treatment time, but also to orthodontists, since treatment duration is associated with increased risk of gingival inflammation, decalcification, dental caries, and root resorption. The increased focus on the biological basis of tooth movement has rendered Orthodontics a more comprehensive specialty that incorporates facets of all fields of medicine. Current knowledge raises the possibility of...